Control Flow ,Functions and Loops

Pythons Tutorials

Control Flow:

Control flow structures allow you to control the flow of execution in your program. They include conditional statements like if, else if, and else, as well as loops like for and while.

Example 1: Conditional Statements

let hour = 14;

if (hour < 12) {
    console.log("Good morning!");
} else if (hour < 18) {
    console.log("Good afternoon!");
} else {
    console.log("Good evening!");
}

In Example 1, we use an if statement to check the value of the hour variable. Depending on the condition, different messages will be logged.

Functions:

Functions allow you to group code into reusable blocks. They can take input, perform operations, and return a result.

Example 2: Creating a Function

function greet(name) {
    console.log(`Hello, ${name}!`);
}

greet("John");

Example 2 defines a function greet that takes a name parameter and logs a greeting message to the console.
We then call the function with the argument "John".

Loops: Repeating Actions

Loops allow you to repeat a block of code multiple times. We’ll cover for and while loops.

Example 3: Using a `for` Loop

for (let i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    console.log(`Iteration ${i+1}`);
}

Example 3 demonstrates a for loop that iterates five times, logging messages to the console.

Combining Control Flow and Functions

You can use control flow structures and functions together to create more complex behaviour.

Example 4: Function with Conditional Logic

function getDiscount(price, isPremiumMember) {
    if (isPremiumMember) {
        return price * 0.8; // 20% discount for premium members
    } else {
        return price;
    }
}

let totalPrice = getDiscount(100, true);
console.log(`Total price: $${totalPrice}`);

In Example 4, we define a getDiscount function that calculates the final price based on whether the customer is a premium member.
The function returns the discounted price.

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